Executive Summary This paper delves into the intricate relationship between Bitcoin and its environmental impact, aiming to demystify prevalent misconceptions while shedding light on the role Bitcoin plays in the realm of climate change. Bitcoin, as a globally recognized digital currency and decentralized payment system, operates on a foundational principle of cryptographic…

As the world of blockchain technology continues to evolve, Ethereum is at the forefront of innovation with the concept of ERC-4337 or simply known as “Account Abstraction.” …

Introduction A recent surge of applications for spot Bitcoin exchange-traded funds (ETFs) has led to their resubmission with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). This development was followed by a groundbreaking announcement from BlackRock, the world’s largest asset management company, regarding their application for a spot Bitcoin ETF. Over the…

Introduction The advent of tokenization has the potential to revolutionize the financial system, particularly in the realm of foreign exchange (FX) markets. Currently, the FX market stands as the largest financial market globally, facilitating approximately $7.5 trillion in daily trades (BIS, 2022) (Chaboud et al, 2023). …

Introduction The European Union made a significant breakthrough in October 2022 with the consensus reached on the pioneering Markets in Crypto Assets (MiCA) Regulation. Following ratification by the European Parliament, MiCA now stands as the world’s first regulatory framework tailored specifically for cryptoassets. …

Introduction Lightning Network, the layer-two scaling solution for Bitcoin, has come a long way since its inception in 2015. Designed to facilitate fast and cheap Bitcoin transactions, the Lightning Network has gained significant adoption over the past few years. With the increasing demand for Bitcoin and the growing congestion on the…

Stablecoins have been getting a lot of attention recently with the collapse of Terra’s algorithmic stablecoin UST and the depeg of the stablecoin USDC earlier this month. Stablecoins are digital currencies backed by assets or an algorithm regulating their supply and are core to the crypto infrastructure. They hold stable…

Introduction In recent years, the investment landscape has undergone a significant transformation as digital assets and infrastructure have rapidly developed. With this transformation has come a shift towards disintermediation and democratization in the investment industry, as well as an increase in transparency and cost efficiency. At the forefront of this digital…

Stablecoins have been getting a lot of attention recently with the collapse of Terra’s algorithmic stablecoin UST and with the recent depegging of the stablecoin USDC. Stablecoins are digital currencies either backed by assets or by an algorithm which regulate their supply. They supposedly hold stable value and are therefore…